Israel’s war debt
Israel has borrowed billions of dollars in recent weeks through privately negotiated deals to help fund its war against Hamas but is having to pay unusually high borrowing costs to get the deals over the line. Since Hamas’s attack on October 7, Israel has raised more than $6bn from international debt investors. This has included $5.1bn across three new bond issues and six top-ups of existing dollar and euro-denominated bonds, and more than $1bn of fundraising through a US entity. Investors said recent bonds had been issued in so-called private placements, a process through which the securities are not offered to the public market but instead sold to select investors. The final pricing of the deals was not disclosed. However, bankers said they had priced in line with what they would expect from a public deal. Of two dollar bonds issued in November, Israel is paying coupons of 6.25 per cent and 6.5 per cent on bonds maturing in four and eight years’ time. That is much higher than benchmark US Treasury yields, which ranged between 4.5 and 4.7 per cent when the bonds were issued. The deals were arranged by Goldman Sachs and Bank of America respectively. In contrast, Israel issued a 2033 dollar bond in January with a coupon of 4.5 per cent, a much smaller spread — or gap — above Treasury yields, which were 3.6 per cent at the time. Israel’s bond issuances to help fund the war are viewed as controversial in some parts of the debt market. While some investors, for instance in the US, have been keen to lend to the country following the October 7 attacks, others view the fundraising as anathema, given the humanitarian cost of Israel’s invasion of Gaza. Investors and analysts noted that the bumper issuance was done through private placements rather than via open syndications and roadshows, which are usually carried out when new bonds are launched. The reason for this, they said, could be to raise funds for the war effort quickly or without attracting unwanted attention, and could be a sign of how nervous some investors had grown about buying Israel’s debt. “The reality is that, for a lot of investors, Israel at the moment carries too much ESG [environmental, social and governance] risk, especially for some emerging market investors where Israel is off benchmark,” said Thys Louw, emerging market debt portfolio manager at fund manager Ninety One…
Investors note that Israel’s debt, which has a double A minus credit rating from S&P, is trading at a chunky discount to countries with similar credit ratings such as South Korea … Brazil, which has a triple B minus credit rating from S&P, six rungs lower than Israel, issued a seven-year dollar paper this week in its first-ever foreign currency sustainable bond with a yield of 6.5 per cent. Israel has also turned to individuals and municipalities to raise debt. Israel Bonds, which is registered in the US but affiliated to Israel’s finance ministry, has sold more than $1bn of bonds since October 7, almost doubling the amount it had raised for the year. … More than 15 US states have invested in Israel Bonds since the war broke out including Florida, New York, Texas, Alabama, Arizona and Ohio. “We have never faced such huge support, in terms of the numbers or the scope of investments, by so many people,” said Naveh. “It allows the ministry of finance in Israel to raise billions of dollars of additional debt to fulfil all its special missions following the war.”
Source: FT